Anche if you had lived in times when educational influence, it is difficult not to speak of Plutarch, (unfortunately overshadowed), however, until the last century, considered the main witness of the Greek and Roman costumes and education , and also excellent source of training models are still current.
Plutarch of Chaeronea is also of the first century. and of Greek origin: they were famous for centuries his "Parallel Lives of Illustrious Men," the Greeks and Romans, which offered exemplary models of events and characters through which we glimpsed but also modes of life of different historical situations, perhaps a bit 'novel, but not without notations still interesting even social nature. This is a forty medals, is still reprinted by Theseus and Romulus to contemporaries of the author, all aimed to demonstrate continuity, more than in reality, between the ideals of Greek, Hellenistic and Roman times.
Plutarch was also the author of "Moral Operettas" in which there are pedagogical precepts, some of which anticipate that the maximum of a few centuries later will be considered advanced, such as the famous: "The mind is not a vessel to be filled, but a wood s'infuochi to burn because the taste of research and love of truth. " In a sense, Plutarch can be seen as a precursor of Montaigne and Locke, especially for the exaltation of the priority due to the formation of character.
Forget therefore similar forms of stupidity or boastfulness, and even to learn and assimilate the useful discussions we also accept the giggles of those who wish to see being intellectually gifted, as did Cleanthes and Xenocrates, who appearance of his companions were slower, but really did not give up and do not stray from learning of mind and were indeed the first to poke fun at himself, comparing himself to vessels from the entrance or close bronze tablets, alluding to the fact they did effort to accommodate the words, but then kept securely and sicuro39.
Why not just, as he says Focilide often must endure disappointments aspiring to virtue, but often must also accept to be, mocked and ridiculed, and endure teasing and vulgarity but with his whole being to eliminate its ignorance and overthrow it.
Do not neglect the other hand, neither did the opposite mistake, to commit certain indolence, which resulted in the unpleasant and annoying: when I'm on they will not bother, but then those who disturb talks continue by sending in questions on the same topics as featherless birds who are always amazed at the other's mouth and they want to receive any other thing ready and pre-digested. There are also those who aspire to earn a reputation as a careful person and acute where it is not the case and exhausts the speaker to talk and force
of curiosity, continually raising unnecessary questions or seeking clarification on topics that do not have any need: this short street is long, as Sophocles says, not only for themselves but for others.
constantly interrupting the teacher with questions vain and superfluous, as in a trip together, they merely hinder the smooth flow of learning, affected bus stops and delays.
These look like these, according to Jerome, and insistent those cowardly dogs that bite into the house and fair skin tear the fleece, as if they were living well is forded by touching them. We must encourage the lazy we were talking about putting together the rest alone, once intelligence has made them understand the essential points in mind as they listened for it to be their guide in further research and receiving the word of others as principle and seed to develop and enhance.
The mind does not need, like a vase, be filled, but rather, like wood, a spark that lights up and inspire you with the impetus of research and a ardent love for the truth. As one who was going to ask the neighbors of the fire, but then you find a great, bright flame to heat up and remain there until the end, so anyone who goes to another to take his word but does not think of having to turn the own light and mind and sits spellbound to enjoy what he hears, draws from the words only a reflection of external, like a face that s'arrossa lights and the glare of the flame, unable to evaporate and drive down ' soul, thanks to the philosophy, what is in it's wet and dark.
From: Plutarch's "The Art of Listening"
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